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Si No. Name Of The Author Title Page No.
Chapter-1 :Nature of Environmental Studies
1. Multidisciplinary Nature of Environmental Studies
1.1. Environmental Pollution: Definition, Causes, Effects, and Control
1.1.1. Definition
1.1.2. Causes of Environmental Pollution
1.1.3. Effects of Environmental Pollution
1.1.4. Control and Prevention Measures
1.1.5. Conclusion
1.2. Air Pollution
1.2.1. Major Air Pollutants
1.2.2. Causes of Air Pollution
1.2.3. Effects of Air Pollution
1.2.4. Solutions to Reduce Air Pollution
1.3. Water Pollution: Causes, Effects, and Control
1.3.1. Definition
1.3.2. Causes of Water Pollution
1.3.3. Effects of Water Pollution
1.3.4. Control Measures for Water Pollution
1.4. Soil Pollution: Causes, Effects, and Control
1.4.1. Definition
1.4.2. Causes of Soil Pollution
1.4.3. Effects of Soil Pollution
1.4.4. Control Measures for Soil Pollution
1.5. Marine Pollution: Definition, Causes, Effects, and Control
1.5.1. Definition
1.5.2. Causes of Marine Pollution
1.5.3. Effects of Marine Pollution
1.5.4. Control Measures for Marine Pollution
1.6. Noise Pollution: Definition, Causes, Effects, and Control
1.6.1. Definition
1.6.2. Causes of Noise Pollution
1.6.3. Effects of Noise Pollution
1.6.4. Control Measures for Noise Pollution
1.7. Radiation Pollution: Definition, Causes, Effects, and Control
1.7.1. Definition
1.7.2. Causes of Radiation Pollution
1.7.3. Effects of Radiation Pollution
Chapter-2 :Natural Resources
2.1. Natural resources and associated problems.
2.1.1. Forest Resources: Use and Over-Exploitation, Deforestation, and Case Studies
2.1.2. Over-Exploitation of Forest Resources
2.1.3. Deforestation
2.1.4. Case Studies of Deforestation and Over-Exploitation
2.1.5. Timber Extraction, Mining, and Dams: Effects on Forests and Tribal People
2.1.6. Conservation Strategies
2.2. Water Resources: Use and Over-Utilization, Issues, and Management
2.2.1. Definition
2.2.2. Over-Utilization of Surface and Groundwater
2.2.3. Floods and Droughts
2.2.4. Conflicts Over Water
2.2.5. Dams: Benefits and Problems
2.2.6. Water Conservation and Sustainable Management
2.3. Mineral Resources: Use and Exploitation, Environmental Effects, and Case Studies
2.3.1. Introduction
2.3.2. Use and Exploitation of Mineral Resources
2.3.3. Environmental Effects of Extracting and Using Mineral Resources
2.3.4. Case Studies
2.3.5. Sustainable Mining and Solutions
2.3.6. Conclusion
2.4. Food Resources: Challenges, Agricultural Impacts, and Case Studies
2.4.1. Introduction
2.4.2. World Food Problems
2.4.3. Changes Caused by Agriculture and Overgrazing
2.4. 4. Effects of Modern Agriculture
2.4.5. Case Studies
2.4.6. Sustainable Agricultural Solutions
2.4.7. Conclusion
2.5. Energy Resources: Growing Demand, Types, and Sustainable Alternatives
2.5.1. Introduction
2.5.2. Growing Energy Needs
2.5.3. Types of Energy Sources
2.5.4. Use of Alternate Energy Sources
2.5.5. Case Studies
Chapter-3 : Biodiversity
3.Introduction to Biodiversity in India
3.1.1. Definition of Biodiversity
3.1.2. Biogeographical Classification of India
3.1.3. India as a Mega-Diversity Nation
3.1.4. Conclusion
3.2. Biodiversity: Hotspots of Biodiversity
3.2.1. Definition of Biodiversity Hotspots
3.2.2. Criteria for Biodiversity Hotspots
3.2.3. Biodiversity Hotspots in India
3.2.4. Importance of Biodiversity Hotspots
3.2.5. Threats to Biodiversity Hotspots
3.2.6. Conservation Efforts
3.2.7. Conclusion
3.3. Biodiversity: Threats to Biodiversity
3.3.1. Introduction
3.3.2. Major Threats to Biodiversity
3.3.3. Consequences of Biodiversity Loss
3.3.4. Conservation Strategies
3.3.5. Conclusion
3.4. Biodiversity: Endangered and Endemic Species of India
3.4.1. Introduction
3.4.2. Endangered Species of India
3.4.3. Endemic Species of India
3.4.4. Conservation Efforts in India
3.4.5. Conclusion
3.5.2. Types of Biodiversity Conservation
3.5.3. Conservation Initiatives in India
3.5.4. Role of Communities in Biodiversity Conservation
3.5.5. Conclusion
3.6. Biodiversity: In-situ and Ex-situ Conservation of Biodiversity
3.6.1. Introduction
3.6.2. In-situ Conservation (On-site Conservation)
3.6.3. Ex-situ Conservation (Off-site Conservation)
3.6.5. Conclusion
Chapter-4 : Disaster Management
4. Disaster Management
4.1. Natural Disasters
4.2. Man-Made Disasters
4.3. Conclusion
Chapter-5 : Vulnerability Assessment and Risk analysis
5. Vulnerability Assessment and Risk analysis
5.1. Vulnerability Assessment and Risk Analysis for Floods
5.1.1. Vulnerability to Floods
5.1.2. Risk Analysis for Floods
5.1.3. Tools for Vulnerability Assessment and Risk Analysis
5.1.4. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies
5.2. Vulnerability Assessment and Risk Analysis for Cyclones (Tropical Storms)
5.2.1. Vulnerability to Cyclones
5.2.2. Risk Analysis for Cyclones
5.2.3. Tools for Vulnerability Assessment and Risk Analysis
5.2.4. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies
5.2.5. Conclusion
5.3. Vulnerability Assessment and Risk Analysis for Earthquakes
5.3.1. Vulnerability to Earthquakes
5.3.2. Risk Analysis for Earthquakes
5.3.3. Tools for Vulnerability Assessment and Risk Analysis
5.3.4. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies
5.3.5. Conclusion
5.4. Vulnerability Assessment and Risk Analysis for Heat Waves
5.4.1. Vulnerability to Heat Waves
5.4.2. Risk Analysis for Heat Waves
5.4.3. Tools for Vulnerability Assessment and Risk Analysis
5.4.5Conclusion
5.5. Vulnerability Assessment and Risk Analysis for Desertification
5.5.1. Vulnerability to Desertification
5.5.2. Risk Analysis for Desertification
5.5.3. Tools for Vulnerability Assessment and Risk Analysis
5.5.4. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies
5.5.5Conclusion
5.6. Vulnerability Assessment and Risk Analysis for Lightning
5.6.1. Vulnerability to Lightning
5.6.2. Risk Analysis for Lightning
5.6.3. Tools for Vulnerability Assessment and Risk Analysis
5.6.4. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies
5.6.5. Conclusion
Chapter-6 : Institutional Framework
6. Institutional Framework
6.1. Institutional Arrangements for Disaster Management: National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA)
6.1.1. Role and Functions of NDMA
6.1.2. Institutional Framework for Disaster Management
6.1.3. Legal Framework and Policies
6.1.4. Challenges in Disaster Management
6.1.5. Conclusion
6.2. State Disaster Management Authority (SDMA)
6.2.1. Role and Functions of SDMA
6.2.2. Institutional Framework of SDMA
6.2.3. Legal and Policy Framework
6.2.4. Challenges in State-Level Disaster Management
6.2.5. Conclusion
6.3. Disaster Management Act, 2005
6.3.1. Objectives of the Disaster Management Act, 2005
6.3.2. Key Provisions of the Act
6.3.3. Importance of the Disaster Management Act, 2005
6.3.4. Challenges in Implementation
6.3.5. Conclusion
6.4. District Disaster Management Authority (DDMA)
6.4.1. Composition of DDMA
6.4.2. Role and Responsibilities of DDMA
6.4.3. Importance of DDMA
6.4.4. Challenges in Implementation
6.4.5. Conclusion
6.5. National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) and Odisha Disaster Rapid Action Force (ODRAF)
6.5.1. National Disaster Response Force (NDRF)
6.5.2. Odisha Disaster Rapid Action Force (ODRAF)
6.5.3. Key Differences Between NDRF and ODRAF
6.5.4. Conclusion
Chapter-7 : Preparedness measures
7.1. Preparedness Measures in the Disaster Management Cycle
7.2. Preparedness Measures: Early Warning System (EWS) in Disaster Management
7.3. Preparedness Measures: Pre-Disaster and Post-Disaster Preparedness
7.3.2. Post-Disaster Preparedness (After the Disaster)
7.3.3. Conclusion
7.4. Preparedness Measures: Strengthening of SDMA and DDMA
7.4. 1. Strengthening SDMA (State Disaster Management Authority)
7.4.2. Strengthening DDMA (District Disaster Management Authority)
7.4.3. Conclusion
7.5.1. Pre-Disaster Preparedness (Before the Flood or Cyclone)
7.5.2. During the Disaster (Response Phase)
7.5.3. Post-Disaster Preparedness (Recovery and Rehabilitation)
7.5.4. Conclusion
7.6.1. Heat Wave Preparedness
7.6.2. Fire Safety Preparedness
7.6.3. Lightning Preparedness
7.6.4. Snake Bite Preparedness
7.7. Stakeholders Participation in Disaster Preparedness
7.8. Conclusion
Chapter-8 : Survival Skills
8.1. Survival Skills: During and After Disasters
8.1.1. Flood Survival Skills
8.1.2. Fire Survival Skills
8.1.3. Earthquake Survival Skills
8.1.4. Cyclone Survival Skills
8.1.5. Lightning Survival Skills
8.1.6.Conclusion
8.2.Survival Skills and Disaster Management Act, 2005
8.2.1. Key Provisions of the Disaster Management Act, 2005
8.2.2. Survival Skills as per the DM Act, 2005
5. Lightning Safety (As per NDMA Lightning Safety Guidelines)
8.2.4. Conclusion
8.3. Survival Skills: Compensation and Insurance in Disaster Management
8.3.1. Compensation in Disaster Management
8.3.2. Insurance in Disaster Management
8.3.3. How Compensation and Insurance Help with Survival and Recovery
8.3.4. Challenges with Compensation and Insurance
8.3.5. Role of Stakeholders in Compensation and Insurance
8.3.6. Conclusion
Chapter-9 : Social Issues and the Environment
9.1. Social Issues and the Environment: Environmental Ethics – Issues and Possible Solutions
9.1.1. Major Environmental Ethics Issues
9.1.2. Broader Ethical Solutions for Environmental Issues
9.2. Social Issues and the Environment: Climate Change, Global Warming, Acid Rain, Ozone Layer Depletion, Nuclear Accidents and Holocaust — Case Studies
9.2.1. Climate Change & Global Warming: Case Study
Case Study: The 1997-1998 El Niño Event
9.2.2. Acid Rain: Case Study
9.2.3. Ozone Layer Depletion: Case Study
9.2.4. Nuclear Accidents: Case Study
Case Study 2: Fukushima Disaster (2011)
9.2.5. Nuclear Holocaust: Case Study
9.2.6. Conclusion
9.3. Social Issues and the Environment: Environment Protection Act
9.3.1. Background and Overview
9.3.2. Key Features of the Environment Protection Act
9.3.3. Regulation of Industrial Activities
9.3.4. The Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling, and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2008
9.3.5. Impact of the Environment Protection Act
9.3.6. Conclusion
9.4. Social Issues and the Environment: Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act
9.4.1. Background and Purpose
9.4.2. Key Features of the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act
9.4.3. Control of Air Pollutants
9.4.4. Granting of Consent for Establishment and Operation
9.4.5. Provisions to Control Specific Air Pollutants
9.4.6. Recent Developments and Amendments
9.4.7. Conclusion
9.5. Social Issues and the Environment: Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act
9.5.1. Background and Purpose
9.5.2. Key Features of the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act
9.5.4. Prevention of Water Pollution in Specific Areas
9.5.5. Implementation and Challenges
9.5.6. Recent Developments and Amendments
9.5.7. Conclusion
9.6. Social Issues and the Environment: Wildlife Protection Act, 1972
9.6.1. Background and Purpose
9.6.2. Protection of Habitats
9.6.3. Wildlife Trade Regulation
9.6.4. Conservation of Endangered Species
9.6.5. The Role of State Governments and Local Communities
9.6.6. Forest and Wildlife Officers
9.6.7. Penalties and Punishments under the Act
9.6.8. Implementation and Challenges
9.6.9. Habitat Fragmentation and Loss
9.6.10. Recent Developments and Amendments
9.6.11. Conclusion
9.7. Social Issues and the Environment: Forest Conservation Act, 1980
9.7.1. Background and Purpose
9.7.2. Key Features of the Forest Conservation Act, 1980
Regulation of Forest Land Diversion
9.7.3. Restriction on Deforestation
9.7.4. Approval Process for Non-Forest Activities
9.7.5. Payment of Net Present Value (NPV):
9.7.6. Prohibition of Forest Clearance for Certain Purposes
9.7.7. Monitoring and Enforcement
9.7.8. Protection of Forest Rights of Tribals and Communities
9.7.9. Power to Declare Forests as Protected
9.7.10. Penalties and Punishments
9.7.11. Challenges in Implementation
9.7.12. Compensatory Afforestation and Sustainability
9.7.13. Enforcement Gaps
9.7.14. Conflict with Local Communities
9.7.15. Illegal Mining and Logging
9.7.16. Recent Amendments and Developments
9.7.17. Forest Rights Act (FRA), 2006
9.7.18. National Afforestation Programme (NAP)
9.7.19. Fifth National Forest Policy (2018)
9.7.20. Conclusion
9.8. Solid Waste Management: Causes, Effects, and Control Measures of Urban and Industrial Waste
9.8.1. Causes of Urban and Industrial Waste
9.8.2. Industrial Waste:
9.8.2. Recycling and Reuse
9.8.3. Waste-to-Energy Technologies
9.8.4. Landfill Management
9.5. Social Issues and the Environment: Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act
9.6. Social Issues and the Environment: Wildlife Protection Act, 1972
9.7. Social Issues and the Environment: Forest Conservation Act, 1980
Chapter-10
10. Human Population and the Environment:
10.1. Population Ecology
10.2. Key Concepts in Population Ecology
10.4. Conclusion
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